Congested terrain: contested memories. visualising the multiple spaces of war and remembrance

'Stasis' is widely accepted as the pre-eminent condition of the conflict on the Western Front; a war of congealment, fixity and stagnant immobility fought from defensive earthworks that were intended to be temporary but quickly became permanent. In the battle zones a new spatial order emerged. Beyond the superficial safety of the front-line parapet was No-Man's-Land; a liminal, unknown space, a 'debateable land' that could not be fully owned or controlled. Far beyond lay a green and unspoilt distance, a 'Promised Land' that was forever locked in an unattainable future. This was the domain of imperial development and potential exploitation. This chapter explores the spatiality of conflicts on the Great War battlefield, and draws on the work of several British artists, cartographers and surveyors who attempted to explore and lend visual form to the chaos. Through the act of mapping and drawing they attempted to systematize the outward devastation, whereby trees would become datum points, emptiness was labelled, and the few fixed features of the ravaged land became the immutable co-ordinates of a functional terrain, a strategic field, where maps where predicated as much on time as of place.