This chapter therefore provides an overview of what the three levels of government - federal, state, and local - are doing to counteract poverty in a number of key areas. The chapter focuses on the government sector because governments direct substantial public resources into programs to help reduce pverty. This choice of focus should not suggest that the non-government sector is inconsequential, as it too makes an important contribution to reducing poverty. However, it is beyond the scope of this chapter to examine the many initiatives undertaken by the non-government sector.