An overview of lead aprons for radiation protection: are they doing their best?

Medical radiation practitioners have been using lead aprons to protect themselves and others from uncontrolled X-ray radiation for almost a century. Lead impregnated vinyl aprons have excellent radiation shielding abilities. However, their shielding, comfort and design abilities overtime have been put to question by numerous studies. Defects including holes, tears and cracks in lead aprons have been proven to reduce the shielding ability and increase radiation exposure. Lead aprons are also associated with comfort issues that border around their weight and fitness. The use of lead aprons is associated with increased prevalence rate of orthopaedic problems among interventional radiologists because of its additional weight. On the other hand, a multi-layered apron increases heat insulation and thermal discomfort. In addition, lead aprons can pick up dirt and get contaminated with germs which cause infections. One design of lead aprons for all male and female practitioners does not fit different body shapes effectively. There is a need to redesign the lead aprons as protective clothing to allow ease movements for radiographers while performing their tasks.