Corruption in the supply chain: South African construction managers' experiences

Using an online survey, construction managers experiences of corruption in the supply chain of the South African construction industry is investigated. A majority of respondents considers that corruption is widespread in the sector. Kickbacks, conflict of interest, tender rigging, and fronting are considered the most prevalent forms of corruption, with the first three reported as the forms most experienced by construction managers. Government officials (as clients), sub-contractors, and fellow contractors are perceived to be the most involved in corrupt activities. Contractors engage in the submission of inflated claims as a negotiation margin, in collusive tendering, and in the employment of illegal workers.