Differentiating between Parkinson's disease patients and controls using variability in muscle activation during walking

Surface electromyography (sEMG) of the lower limb muscles has been proposed to evaluate motor dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Variability in the sEMG could be used as an indicator of poor muscle coordination, but previous studies have reported conflicting results. This study has examined the variability of muscle using the coefficients of variance of Tibialis anterior (TA) and Medial gastrocnemius (MG) lower limb muscles for 24 PD, 24 age matched controls (CO), and 24 young controls (YC), during different phases of the gait cycle. The gait intervals were measured using the inertial measurement unit (IMU). We observed a statistically significant difference between PD and control for the variability of lower limb muscle when comparing the sub-phases of the gait. It was also found that the difference was more pronounced for the TA muscle.