New families of 2D & 3D arrays for sub-image watermarking

This paper presents new families of two and threedimensional arrays designed for watermarking. The array construction is algebraic, based on finite fields. The arrays have good auto and cross-correlation with other family members. The family size is large enough to be used in watermarking at the point of origin, providing a unique watermark for every video and image. Such watermarks have applications in surveillance, sub-image object tracking and as fingerprints for proof of tampering, audit trail monitoring and traitor tracing.