Prediction of time-variant probability of failure for concrete sewer pipes

Millions of dollars are being spent worldwide on the repair and maintenance of sewer networks and wastewater treatment plants. Approximately 40% of the damage in concrete sewers can be attributed to biogenous sulphuric acid attack, which causes severe structural deterioration and ultimate structural collapse. In some cases, it is difficult or not cost effective to design a sewer pipeline system that will be free of sulphide problems.