Sensitivity Analysis of General Aviation Aircraft with Parallel Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems

Hybrid-electric propulsion systems are able to combine the advantages of both fuelbased and battery-powered propulsion systems. Thus, they do not only promise a reduction in fuel consumption and direct emissions, but also a reduction in total primary energy consumption. This paper assesses the potential of parallel hybrid-electric powered general aviation aircraft by means of a sensitivity study. Therefore, an energy-based initial sizing methodology is applied to determine maximum take-off mass and primary energy consumption for a 4-seat general aviation aircraft. The sizing process is repeated for variations of technological factors and mission performance requirements to identify those parameters that have a big impact on maximum take-off mass and primary energy consumption. Results indicate battery technology as the most critical field in order to reduce both design objectives significantly. It is found that, in contrast to previous investigations, even comparatively high battery technology standards are able to further improve design objectives and therefore justify the additional development effort.