Static as a trope in electronic art: David Hall's 1001 TV sets (End Piece) and other works

Static is often used in electronic art to symbolise a metaphysical outside that is only perceivable with technology. A significant recent example is David Hall's 1001 TV Sets (End Piece). In this paper I will explore the static as outside trope using numerous examples, with a focus on Hall's work. I will show that the trope demonstrates how static can be meaningful and so functions as more than merely interference.