Strategic adoption of information and communication technology (ICT): Case studies of construction contractors

Although the benefits from using information and communication technology (ICT) in construction processes is well known, construction companies are still slow in its adoption. One explanation of this trend in slow innovation adoption may be lack of innovation diffusion experience by senior managers who decide whether to be early or late ICT adopters. There is no easy answer to the question why this may be the case. Early adopters have to accept high risks due to uncertainties associated with adopting innovation whereas late adopters may lose any competitive advantage benefits through falling behind with offering novel services. Further, few practical case studies have been published on strategic ICT adoption by construction organisations. This paper aims to increase the understanding of the nature of early and late adopters of ICT and identify risks that may occur. Data from three case studies of large construction contractors' adoption of ICT indicates that construction contractors should be aware of early adoption of ICT risks, particularly if it requires commitment from external project participants. The paper also exposes issues that organisations should consider when adopting strategic ICT.