A brief review of biomedical shape memory alloys by powder metallurgy

In the realm of bioimplantation, titanium-based Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) exhibit phenomenal versatility, with successful application in diverse fields. One area of particular interest is that of orthopaedics, where the unique properties of SMAs offer a range of benefits. That said, existing alloys still have unresolved issues concerning biocompatibility and osseointegration. Primary concerns include carcinogenicity, allergenicity and a significant mismatch between the Young's moduli of bone and osteoimplants; issues that could be addressed via a novel porous titanium alloy. With that in mind, this paper seeks to provide a review identifying promising candidates for new, perfectly biocompatible alloys for production via powder metallurgy. Furthermore, an attempt will also be made to summarise existing research into appropriate methods for the production of a porous Ti-based SMA implant.