Computational modelling of multiphase fluid flow behaviour over a stretching sheet in the presence of nanoparticles

Present study analysed hydrodynamic flow behaviour of multiphase radiative Casson and Maxwell fluids with the appearance of nano-sized particles. The impression of a nonlinear chemical reaction is also considered. Firstly, the time-dependent governing equations were computationally resolved using finite difference discretisation methods. Secondly, the convergence analysis with stabilisation of the numerical approach is carried out where the current model has converged for Le ≥ 0.025 and Pr ≥ 0.075. Finally, the impressions of various pertinent parameters are depicted diagrammatically along with tabular analysis on diversified flow fields. The main aim is to define and draw a comparison between Maxwell and Casson fluids on different flow fields. In addition, a comparative study between these two fluids is also newly carried out in this work through the analysis of streamlines and isotherms plotting. Furthermore, the thermal and mass properties found significantly improved mostly in the case of Maxwell fluid. However, Eckert number, Ec, has influenced the temperature field significantly for Casson fluid, and some parameters (Du, Nt, Nb, Le, Pr and Sr) have represented the identical impact on respective fields for both fluids. For the numerical validation, some comparisons are also shown with previous studies and satisfactory agreement is observed.