Evaluation of the Capability of Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast to Meet the Requirements of Future Airborne Surveillance Applications

Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) Out supports various ground applications including Air Traffic Control (ATC) surveillance in radar airspace, non-radar airspace and on the airport surface. In addition, the capability of aircraft to receive ADS-B Out messages from other aircraft within their coverage (ADS-B In) enables enhanced airborne surveillance applications. The requirements of the application vary depending on its safety-criticality. More stringent applications will require higher levels of performance. It is therefore critical that the ADS-B system performance is measured against the most stringent application it is designed for. This paper reviews the various enhanced airborne surveillance applications and the required ADS-B information to support them. It identifies the ADS-B based applications required for Air Traffic Management (ATM) modernisation under the SESAR/NextGen programs. It discusses existing ADS-B Out versions and their capabilities. A mapping exercise is undertaken to assess the credibility of the ADS-B system performance to support the functionalities and requirements of the various enhanced airborne surveillance applications and establish those that require further research and development, highlighting some of the key challenges.