Heuristic optimization of Bezier curves based trajectories for unconventional airships docking

Purpose - This paper aims to describe a methodology to optimize the trajectory of unconventional airship performing a high-altitude docking manoeuvre. Design/methodology/approach - The trajectories are based upon Bezier curves whose control points positions are optimized through particle swarm optimization algorithm. A minimum energy strategy is implemented by considering the airship physical properties. The paper describes the mathematical model of the airships, the trajectories modelling through Bezier's curves and the optimization framework. A series of test cases has been developed to evaluate the proposed methodology. Findings - Results obtained show that the implemented procedure is able to optimize the airship trajectories and to support their in-flight docking; a strong influence of the wind speed and course on the trajectories planning is highlighted. Research limitations/implications - The wind speed considered in these simulations depends only on altitude, and gusts effect has been neglected. Practical implications - The proposed model can support the study of unconventional airship trajectories and can be useful to evaluate best in-air docking strategies. Originality/value - The paper addresses the problem of trajectory optimization for a class of new air vehicles with an heuristic approach.