Identification and ranking of the risks encountered by wastewater treatment and desalination PPPs in Egypt

Developing countries resort to the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) scheme primarily due to the shortage of public funds for infrastructure projects and to minimize the risk borne by the government. Since Egypt is currently facing water scarcity, the necessity for investments in non-conventional water supply projects through the PPP scheme has increased tremendously. This paper aims to identify the risks encountered by Domestic Wastewater Treatment (DWWT) and Seawater Desalination (SWD) PPPs in Egypt. Forty-nine and forty-eight risks were identified for DWWT and SWD PPPs respectively. The most significant risks were identified through calculating the normalized severity. The core contribution of this research is enabling PPPs practitioners to develop a better understanding of DWWT and SWD PPPs risks in Egypt. Thus, allow developing effective risk mitigation strategies, which facilitates confirming Value-for-Money (VfM). The findings are expected to help stimulate opportunities for executing DWWT and SWD PPPs in Egypt and direct other research endeavors in that field.