Nanomaterial-based treatments for medical device-associated infections

Bacterial infections remain one of the biggest concerns to our society. Conventional antibiotic treatments showed little effect on the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Advances in synthetic chemistry and nanotechnology have resulted in a new class of nanometer-scale materials with distinguished properties and great potential to be an alternative for antibiotics. In this Mini review, we address the current situation of medical-device-associated infections and the emerging opportunities for antibacterial nanomaterials in preventing these complications. Several important antimicrobial nanomaterials emergent from advances in synthesis chemistry are introduced and their bactericidal mechanisms are analyzed. In addition,concerns regarding the biocompatibility of such materials are also addressed.