Thermally enhanced machining of hard-to-machine materials: a review

Thermally enhanced machining uses external heat sources to heat and soften the workpiece locally in front of the cutting tool. The temperature rise at the shear zone reduces the yield strength and work hardening of the workpiece, which make the plastic deformation of hard-to-machine materials easier during machining. This review summarizes the up-to-date progress and benefits of thermally enhanced machining (with a focus on laser and plasma assistance) of ceramics, metals and metal matrix composites. It covers the integration of the external heat source with cutting tools, analysis of temperature distribution around the cutting region, material removal mechanisms, tool wear mechanisms and the improvement in machinability of various engineering materials by the assistance of external heat source.