Vehicle wheel aerodynamic testing, using the double-symmetry technique

Within the scope of wheel drag investigation, a mirror image method for simulating relative motions of wheels and moving ground for road vehicle aerodynamics was developed using a double-symmetry technique. An initial study using no-wheeled bluff body demonstrated feasibility. The current paper further extends this technique to a wheeled model vehicle. The concept, measuring approach and EFD & CFD evaluations are described. The double-symmetry approach enabled simulated on-road vehicle drag tests. With the ability to replicate deformations at tyre contact patch, the approach presents evaluation of rotating wheel effects on accessories and their actual contribution to the vehicle road load.